Address At Jackson Day Dinner

在杰克逊日宴会上的演说（哈里•杜鲁门）

引用:

    Now I want to say something very important to you about this issue of morality in government. I stand for honest government. I’ve worked for it. I’ve probably done more for it than any other President.

    I’ve done more than any other President to reorganize the government on an efficient basis and to extend the Civil Service merit system. I hate corruption not only because bad in itself, but also because it is the deadly enemy of all things the Democratic Party has been doing all these years. I hate corruption everywhere, but I hate it most of all in a Democratic office holder because that is a betrayal of all that the Democratic Party stands for.

    Here’s the reason: to me morality in government means more than a mere absence of wrong doing. It means a government that is fair to all. I think it is just as immoral for the Congress to enact special tax favors into law as it is for a tax official to connive on a crooked tax return.

    It is just as immoral to use the law making power of the government to enrich the few at the expense of the many as it is to steal money from the public treasury. That is stealing money from the public treasury. All of us know, of course, about the scandals and corruption of the Republican office holders in the 1920s, but to my mind the Veterans Administration scandals in those days and the Teapot Dome Steal than the Tax laws of Andrew Mellon or the attempt to sell Muscle Shoals to private owners.

    Legislation that favored the greed and monopoly and the treachery of Wall Street was a from of corruption that did the country four times as much harm as Teapot Dome ever did. Private, selfish interests are always trying to corrupt the government in this way. Powerful financial groups are always trying to get favors for themselves. Now the Democratic Administration has been fighting against these efforts to corrupt the powers of government. We haven’t always won, but we have never surrendered and we never will.

    For all these years we’ve been fighting to use our natural resources for the benefit of the public; to develop our forests and our public power reserves and our water power for the benefit of all; to raise the incomes of all our citizens; to protect the framer and the worker against the power of monopoly.

    And where have the Republicans been in this fight for morality in government? Do they come out and vote with us to keep the special interests from robbing the public? Not at all! Most of them are on the other side.

    The same thing when you come to question the conduct of government officials. The Republicans make a great whoop and holler about the honesty of Federal employees, but they are usually the first to show up in a government office asking for special favors for private interests and in raising cane if they don’t get them.

    These Republican gentlemen can’t have it both ways. They can’t be for morality on Tuesday and Thursday, and then be for special privileges for their clients on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.

    The press recently, for a wonder, has been giving some facts on the subjects that have been very hard to get at. I’m disgusted with their efforts to discredit and blacken the character and reputation of the whole federal Service. We have a higher percentage of Federal employees under the Civil Service than ever before and on the whole they are a freer, better type of men and women than we have ever had in the service before.

    It’s just as much our duty to protect the innocent as it is to punish the guilty. If a man is accused, he ought to have his day in court and I don’t mean a kangaroo court, either.

    I hate injustice just as much as I hate corruption. Of course, we must always work to keep our government clean. Our Democratic Senators and Congressmen have been working and I have been working to clean up bad conditions where they exist and to devise procedures and systems to prevent them in the future. And I would like to have the help in this fight from everybody, Democrats and Republicans alike!

    I’ve just got one reorganization plan through Congress and I’m going to send up some more plans to the Congress soon to put more of our Federal officials under Civil Service and out of politics! I’d like to see how many of the Republicans vote for them.

    Well, I don’t think the “Black is White” campaign of the Republican Party is going to succeed. I think that voters are going to see through the holier than thou disguise that our Republicans friends are putting on. All the tricks of Republican propaganda aren’t going to make the people forget that the Democratic Party has been working to their welfare. (Applause)

    We are working for the welfare of the farmer. We hold to the ideal that goes back to Jefferson: that a farmer should have the opportunity to own his farm, to share in the benefits of scientific progress, and to secure a fair income for his efforts.

    The Democratic Party is working for the success of our free enterprise system. We have worked to prevent monopoly, to give small business-the small businessman-a fair chance, and to develop our natural resources for all the people and not just for the favored few.

    The Democratic Party is working for the welfare of labor. We have worked for good wages in our legislation, for unemployment compensation, arid for fair labor relations laws. The Democratic Party’s dedicated to fair opportunities, for decent living conditions, to a chance to educate their children, to have good medical services and reasonable provision for retirement.

    That is why we have worked for good Social Security laws, for better education and health services, for good housing and for equal rights and opportunities for all our people regardless of color, religion, or national origin.

    Above all the Democratic Party is working for peace on earth and goodwill among men. We believe that was is not inevitable; that peace can be won; that free men of all lands can find a way to live together in the world as good neighbors. That is why we’ve been willing to sacrifice to stop aggression; willing to send our money and our goods to help men in other countries stand up against tyranny; willing to fight in Korea or WW III before it begins. For if the bloody harvest of a world was were to begin anew most of us would never see a peaceful world again.

    This is the record of the Democratic Party. It is a proud record and an honorable record. It is record of progress, of actions that are right because they are solidly founded on American ideals. Whoever the Democratic nominates for president this year, he will have this record to run upon.

    I shall not be a candidate for reelection. I have served my country long and I think efficiently and honestly. I shall not accept a renomination. I do not feel that it is my duty to spend another four years in the White House.

    We must, we must always remember the things the Democratic Party has done and the high ideals that have made it great. We must be tree to its principles and keep it foremost in service of the people. If we do that, we can be sure there will be a Democratic President in the White House for the next four years.

译文：

引用:

    现在我想谈谈政府的品质问题，这对你们非常重要。我代表的政府是一个诚实的政府，我为它努力工作。对于政府，我付出的比以往任何一个总统都多。

    我将很快改组政府，健全社会服务与保障体制。对于腐败，我深恶痛绝。这不仅仅因为腐败本身令人痛恨，更由于它是民主党这些年从事的所有事业中的死敌。任何部门的腐败，我都痛恨。对于民主党派机关所表现出的腐败，就更让人忍无可忍，它违背了我们民主党的原则。

    这是因为：一个具有良好品质的政府并不仅仅是指该政府不去做坏事，它还必须体现一种公平的原则。议会特别税收法案，是很不道德的法案，就象他们的税收机关串通一气对纳税人进行欺诈。

    这种利用政府立法权力牺牲公众利益满足极少数人私欲的做法是极不体面的，这无异偷盗人民的财产。当然，对于二十年代共和党政府领导人的腐败丑闻，我们记忆犹新。而退伍军人协会丑闻和梯泊特圆顶偷窃事件要比特别税收法案更加无耻。

    为贪婪、垄断、欺诈的华尔街立法是腐败的一种形式。它的危害并不亚于梯泊特圆顶事件。利己主义总是这样不断侵蚀着政府。权倾一方的金融界总是绞尽脑汁谋求着他们的私利。

    现在民主党所领导的政府已向腐化政府的各种罪恶势力宣战，尽管挫折不断，但我们没有退却并且我们将永不言败。

    许多年来，我们致力于开发自然资源造福民众（合理利用森林、电力及水力资源），努力提高国民收入，保护工人农民在垄断势力下的利益。而此时，在这场努力提高政府形象的战斗中，共和党又跑到哪里去了呢？我们反对掠夺公众利益的特权，他们支持了我们吗？没有，根本没有，他们中的大多数恰恰反对我们。

    政府机关的情况亦然。共和党人自我标榜为诚实的公务员，但他们却利用手中职权到处谋取私利。如果他们不这样做，则如芒在背。

    共和党的绅士们不能这样虚伪，他们不能在周二、周四装着道貌岸然。而在周一、周三、周五又为他们身后的代理人谋求特权。

    很奇怪，近来传媒报道一些所谓的事实肆意扩大这种腐败现象。我对各种丑化、诋毁整个国家政府官员形象的行为感到厌恶。在社会公共事务方面，本届政府比以往各届政府的雇员都要多。作为一个整体，他们也比以往各届政府的雇员更有热情，更加优秀。

    保护无辜，如同惩罚罪恶是我们的职责。如果有人被指控，那么他应该经由国家法庭而不是由私设法庭来审判。（掌声）

    我憎恶非正义如同憎恶腐败。当然，我们必须保持我们政府的清廉。我们的民主党参议员和众议员们以及我本人在想方设法清除腐败现象并防患于未然，在这场战斗中我希望得到来自每一位民主党员和共产党员的支持。

    我刚刚通过国会获得了一项重组计划，不久我会提交更多的计划给国会，以便让更多的联邦官员致力于国家事务。我想看看有多少共和党人投票予以支持。

    我认为共和党人的“黑人如同白人”运动将不会成功。选民们终会揭穿共和党人正装饰着的所谓神圣的伪装。共和党人所宣传的把戏也不会使人们忘记民主党为谋求人们的福利所做的工作。（掌声）

    我正为农民的利益而奔波，我们想方设法回到杰斐逊时代农民有权拥有自己的农场，有权享有科技进步所带来的好处及同工同酬。

    民主党为完成企业自由制度而忙碌。我们已开展计划防止垄断，给小企业（小商人）公平机会，为所有人而不是为少部分人开发自然资源。

    民主党为劳工们的福利而操劳，为防止高薪立法，为失业补助和公平的劳资关系做了许多。民主党致力于公平和人民的美满生活，致力于子女教育，提供良好的医疗服务和合理的退休保障。

    为建立良好的社会保障制度，为了更好的教育和卫生服务设施，为了拥有良好的住房及为肤色、不同宗教、不同民族谋求平等权和平等机会，这也是我们不懈努力的原因所在。总之，民主党是为人类和平与美好心愿而工作的。我们坚信战争并非不可避免，我们终会赢得和平。全世界人民会友好的生活在一起。因此，我们愿意为阻止侵略而作出牺牲愿意把我们的物资赠给他国以助其抗制暴政，愿意发动朝鲜战争或者第三世界大战。因为，如果世界血腥杀戮再次发生的话，我们就再也没有和平可言。

    这就是民主党的所作所为，是值得我们骄傲和敬仰的一种进步，是牢固地建立在美国人民理想之上的行动。今年无论谁成为民主党总统候选人提名都将发扬光大之。

    我不应再成为总统候选人，我已为祖国工作了很多，而且我觉得我的工作是诚实高效的。我不应再接受提名，在白宫再度过四年并不是我的职责。（唏嘘声）

    我们必须记住民主党的事业以及伟大的理想。我们要忠实于我们的原则，并在服务大众中置其于首要地位。如果我们能做到这一点，我们将确信未来四年的白宫主人仍是民主党人。

Resignation Speech

辞职演讲（尼克松）

引用:

   This is the 37th time I have spoken to you from this office where so many decisions have been made that shape the history of this nation. Each time I have done so to discuss with you some matters that I believe affected the national interest. And all the decisions I have made in my public life I have always tried to do what was best for the nation.

    Throughout the long and difficult period of Watergate, I have felt it was my duty to persevere, to make every possible effort to complete the term of office to which you elected me.

    In the past few days, however, it has become evident to me that I no longer have a strong enough political base in the Congress to justify continuing that effort. As long as there was such a base, I felt strongly that it was necessary to see the constitutional process through to its conclusion, that to do otherwise would be unfaithful to the spirit of that deliberately difficult process, and a dangerously destabilizing precedent for the future.

    But with the disappearance of that base, I now believe that the constitutional purpose has been served. And there is no longer a need for the process to be prolonged.

    I would have preferred to carry through to the finish whatever the personal agony it would have involved, and my family unanimously urged me to do so. But the interests of the nation must always come before any personal considerations. From the discussions I have had with Congressional and other leaders I have concluded that because of the Watergate matter I might not have the support of the Congress that I would consider necessary to back the very difficult decisions and carry out the duties of this office in the way the interests of the nation will require. I have never been a quitter.

    To leave office before my term is completed is opposed to every instinct in my body. But as President I must put the interests of America first.

America needs a full-time President and a full-time Congress, particularly at this time with problems we face at home and abroad.

To continue to fight through the months ahead for my personal vindication would almost totally absorb the time and attention of both the President and the Congress in a period when our entire focus should be on the great issues of peace abroad and prosperity without inflation at home.

Therefore, I shall resign the Presidency effective at noon tomorrow. Vice President Ford will be sworn in as President at that hour in this office.

译文：

引用:

(晚上好！)这是我第37次在这里对你们讲话。我曾在这里作过一些对我们这个国家有影响的决定。每次我都与你们讨论一些有关影响国民利益之事。我所做出的这些决定，都力图为国家最高利益服务。

经过漫长而艰难的水门事件，我感觉到，我不得不辞职，尽力尽快结束我的总统工作。

在过去几年里，很明显，我在国会已不再拥有强大的政治基础。只要这种基础还存在，我便会坚决澄清这件事。但现在再做努力已非必要，这样只会使程序更加艰难，也是对继任者的刁难。

由于已经失去政治基础，我没必要拖延这件事。

不管我个人的痛苦有多大，我也宁愿结束它，我家人也这样黯然催促我。但是，国家利益总是要高于个人利益，通过我与国会及其他领导的商议，由于水门事件后，我已经失去了国会的支持，我不得不做出这个艰难的决定，市民也有这个要求，国家利益也要求我这么做。我从来就不是一个半途而废的人。

在我到任之前便离任，我感到浑身的不自在。但作为总统应把国家利益放在首位。

美国需要一位全心全意的总统和全心全意国会，特别是现在我们处于国内外的各种困难时期。

继续几个月前的个人辩护将占去总统和国会几乎所有的时间，而这时我们应该做的却是致力于世界和平及无通货膨胀的国家繁荣。

因此，我决定明天中午正式辞去总统职务，副总统福特将同时在这里宣誓就职

Nelson Mandela

纳尔逊·曼德拉

引用:

“Then I slowly saw that not only was I not free, but my brothers and sisters were not free. I saw that it was not just my freedom that was curtailed, but the freedom of everyone who looked like I did. That is when I joined the African National Congress, and that is when the hunger for my own freedom became the greater hunger for the freedom of my people. The chains on any one of my people were the chains on all of them. The chains on all of my people were the chains on me.

It was during those long and lonely years that my hunger for the freedom of my own people became a hunger for the freedom of all people, white and black. I knew as well as I knew anything that the oppressor must be liberated as surely as the oppressed.

When I walked out of prison, that was my mission, to liberate the oppressed and the oppressor both. Some say that has now been achieved. But I know that is not the case. The truth is that we are not yet free; we have merely achieved the freedom to be free, the right not to be oppressed. We have not taken the final step of our journey, but the first step on a larger and even more difficult road.

I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb. I have taken a moment here to rest, to steal a view of the glorious vista that surrounds me, to look back on the distance I have come. But I can rest only for a moment, for with freedoms come responsibilities, and I dare not linger, for my long walk is not yet ended.”

译文：

引用:

    “当我参加非洲国民大会的时候，也就是当我从渴望个人自由转变为渴望全体民众自由的时候，我渐渐发现不光是我没有自由，我的兄弟姐妹们也同样没有自由。不光我的自由被大打折扣，和我一样行事的每个人的自由同样被打了折扣。加在每一个人身上的锁链，如同加于自己的民族身上；加在自己的民族身上的锁链就是加于我身上的锁链。”

    “正是在那些漫长而又孤独的岁月里，我从为自己的民族争取自由转变为所有民族，包括白人和黑人争取自由。我深知正如其他事情一样，压迫者和被压迫者同样需要解放。”

    “当我走出监狱的时候，我就把解放被压迫者和压迫者视为我的使命。有人说这使命已经完结，但我知道事实并非如此，事实是我们仍没有自由，我们仅仅获得了争取自由的自由，获得了不被压迫的权利。我们没有走完我们的征程，在这艰苦而又漫长的征程中我们刚刚迈出了第一步。”

    “在通往自由的道路上我走了很久。我努力不让自己畏缩。这条道路上我曾迷失过方向，但我却发现了一个秘密，就是当你爬过一座高山后，才发现还有更多的山要攀登，我只能在此稍加歇息，窥视一下身边的美好风景，回顾一下自己所走过的路。但我只能稍作停留，因为我的职责是追求自由。我不敢逗留，漫长的旅途还未走到尽头。”

NEW YORK SENATE RACE SPEECH

竞选纽约参议员的演讲（希拉里.克林顿）

引用:

You   know, you know, we started this great effort on a sunny July morning in Pinders Corner on Pat and Liz Moynihan';s beautiful farm and 62 counties, 16 months, 3 debates, 2 opponents, and 6 black pantsuits later, because of you, here we are.

   You came out and said that issues and ideals matter, jobs matter, downstate and upstate, health care matters, education matters, the environment matters, social security matters, a woman';s right to choose matters. It all matters and I just want to say from the bottom of my heart, thank you, New York!

    Thank you for opening up your minds and your hearts, for seeing the possibility of what we could do together for our children and for our future here in this state and in our nation. I am profoundly grateful to all of you for giving me the chance to serve you.

     I will - I will do everything I can to be worthy of your faith and trust and to honor the powerful example of Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan. I would like all of you and the countless New Yorkers and Americans watching to join me in honoring him for his incredible half century of service to New York and our nation.  Senator Moynihan, on behalf of New York and America, thank you.

     I promise you tonight that I will reach across party lines to bring progress for all of New York';s families. Today we voted as Democrats and Republicans. Tomorrow we begin again as New Yorkers.

    And how fortunate we are indeed to live in the most diverse, dynamic and beautiful state in the entire union. You know, from the South Bronx to the Southern Tier, from Brooklyn to Buffalo, from Montauk to Massena, from the world';s tallest skyscrapers to breathtaking mountain ranges, I';ve met people whose faces and stories I will never forget. Thousands of New Yorkers from all 62 counties welcomed to me into your schools, your local diners, your factory floors, your living rooms and front porches. You taught me, you tested me and you shared with me your challenges and concerns - about overcrowded or crumbling schools, about the struggle to care for growing children and aging parents, about the continuing challenge of providing equal opportunity for all and about children moving away from their home towns because good jobs are so hard to find in upstate New York. Now I';ve worked on issues like these for a long time, some of them for 30 years, and I am determined to make a difference for all of you.

    You see, I believe our nation owes every responsible citizen and every responsible family the tools that they need to make the most of their own lives. That';s the basic bargain. I';ll do my best to honor in the United States Senate.

    And to those of you who did not support me, I want you to know that I will work in the Senate for you and for all New Yorkers. And to those of you who worked so hard and never lost faith even in the toughest times, I offer you my undying gratitude.

译文：

引用:

     大家知道，我们是在七月的一个阳光灿烂的早上，从帕特和丽兹•莫伊尼汉的美丽农场的宾德角开始迈出了这艰难的一步，然后辗转六十二个县，历经过十六个月、三场辩论，打败了两个竞争对手，穿破六套黑色便服。终于在你们的支持下，我们站在了这里。

     你们说的这些事情和观念非常重要--全州的就业问题是重要的，保健是重要的，教育是重要的，环境是重要的，社会保险是重要的，还有妇女选择权是重要的。这些全都重要，而我只想衷心道一声：谢谢你，纽约！

     感谢你们敞开心扉，感谢你们看到了这可能性--我们将一起为后代、为我们纽约以至全国的将来而共同努力。我对你们每个人都深怀谢意，感谢你们给了我一个为大家服务的机会。

      我将以参议员丹尼尔•帕特里克•莫伊尼汉为榜样，尽自己最大的努力不负众望。我希望你们每个人、诸位纽约市民和美国观众，和我一起共同感谢他这50年来为纽约和美国做出了巨大贡献。莫伊尼汉议员：我代表纽约和美国，感谢你。

      今晚我发誓，我将跨越两党的界限为全纽约的家庭创造繁荣进步。今天，我们是作为民主党人和共和党人来投票选举；明天，我们将作为纽约人重新开始。

      能生活在我国最丰富多彩、最生气勃勃的一个州，我们是多么的幸运。大家知道，从布朗克斯以南到纽约最南端，从布鲁克林到布法罗，从蒙特哥到麦锡纳，从世界最高的摩天大楼到令人叹为观止的山脉，我遇见了一些人，他们的容貌和故事，我永远也不会忘记。六十二个县的成千上万的纽约人把我迎进了你们的学校、你们的风味小餐馆、你们的工厂、你们的起居室和前廊。你们教导着我，你们测试着我，你们把面临的难题和关心的问题告诉我--学校的拥挤和喧闹，养育孩子和赡养年迈双亲的艰辛，寻求人人同等待遇的挑战，还有在纽约州北部地区因为就业机会难寻，孩子们都离开故乡、移往他处的问题。长期以来，我一直在为这些问题而奔忙，有些问题甚至已经忙了有30年，我决心让这些问题得到改观。

      大家知道，我们国家有义务让每个负责任的公民和家庭的生活更上一层楼。这是最起码的，作为一名参议员，我将尽自己最大的努力来实现它。

      对于那些在过去没有支持我的人们，我想告诉你们，我将在参议院为你们、为全体纽约人而工作。对于那些勤奋工作、甚至在最艰难的时期也不放弃信念的人们，我永远感谢你们。

President Bush Gives a Speech at Tsinghua University

总统布什在青华大学的演讲

引用:

Vice President Hu, thank you very much for your kind and generous remarks. Thank you for welcoming me and my wife, Laura, here.

I see she’s keeping pretty good company with the Secretary of State, Colin Powell.

It’s good to see you, Mr. Secretary.

And I see my National Security Adviser, Ms. Condoleezza Rice, who at one time was the provost of Stanford University, so she’s comfortable on the university campuses such as this.

Thank you for being here, Condi.

I’m so grateful for the hospitality and honored for the reception at one of China’s and the world’s great universities.

The standards and reputation of this university are known around the world, and I know what an achievement it is to be here. So congratulations.

My visit to China comes on an important anniversary, as the vice president mentioned. Thirty years ago this week an American president arrived in China on a trip designed to end decades of estrangement and confront centuries of suspicion. President Richard Nixon showed the world that two vastly different governments could meet on the grounds of common interest in the spirit of mutual respect.

As they left the airport that day, Premier Zhou En-Lai said this to President Nixon: “Your handshake came over the vastest ocean in the world--25 years of no communication.”

During the 30 years since, America and China have exchanged many handshakes of friendship and commerce. And as we have had more contact with each other, the citizens of both countries have gradually learned more about each other. And that’s important.

It was my honor to visit China in 1975. Some of you weren’t even born then. It shows how old I am.

A lot has changed in your country since then. China has made amazing progress in openness and enterprise and economic freedom. And this progress previews China’s great potential. China has joined the World Trade Organization, and as you live up to its obligations, they inevitably will bring changes to the Chinese legal system. A modern China will have a consistent rule of law to govern commerce and secure the rights of its people.

The new China your generation is building will need the profound wisdom of your traditions. The lure of materialism challenges our society-challenges society in our country-and in many successful countries.

All these changes will lead to a stronger, more confident China, a China that can astonish and enrich the world, a China that your generation will help create.

This is one of the most exciting times in the history of your country, a time when even the grandest hopes seem within your reach. My nation offers you our respect and our friendship.

Six years from now, athletes from America and around the world will come to your country for the Olympic Games, and I’m confident they will find a China that is becoming a Daguo, a leading nation, at peace with its people and at peace with the world.

译文：

引用:

非常感谢胡副主席热情洋溢的欢迎致辞，非常感谢您在这里接待我和我的夫人劳拉。

我发现她与国务卿科林?鲍威尔先生相处得很好。看到你很高兴，国务卿先生。

我也看到我的国家安全顾问康多莉莎?赖斯女士，她曾经是斯坦福大学的校长，因此她回到校园是最适合不过的了。

谢谢你能来，康迪。

非常感谢各位对我热情的接待，很荣幸能够来到中国，甚至是世界最伟大的学府之一。

清华大学的治学标准和声望世界闻名，我也知道能考入这所大学本身也是一个很大的成就，因此，我要祝贺你们。

正如副主席刚才谈到的，我这次访华恰逢一个重要的周年纪念日，三十年前的这一周，一个美国总统来到了中国，他的访华之旅，目的是为了结束两国长达数十年的隔阂，和数百年的相互猜疑。尼克松总统向世界表明了有着重大差异的两个国家，本着互利互惠，相互尊重的精神是能够站在一起的。

那天，他们离开机场的时候，周恩来总理对尼克松总统说了这样一番话，他说：“你与我的握手越过了世界上最为辽阔的海洋，这个海洋就是互不交往的25年。”

三十年来，美国和中国已经握过多次的友谊之手和商业之手。随着我们两国间接触的日益增多，我们两国人民逐步加深了了解，这是非常重要的。

我在1975年有幸访问过中国，那时在座的有些人可能还没有出生，这也表明我是多么老了。

从那以来，贵国发生了很多变化。中国在开放方面、在企业方面、在经济自由方面都取得了惊人的成就。这一成就显示了中国有着巨大的潜能。中国已经加入了世界贸易组织，在你们履行世界贸易组织成员义务的同时，这些义务势必将给中国的法律体系带来变化。一个现代化的中国将有着统一的法制来规范他们的商业生活和保障人民的权益。

你们这一代人正在建设的中国，需要你们的深远传统的智慧。物质利益的诱惑对我们的社会造成了挑战——在我们的国家给我们的社会造成了挑战，在很多成功的国家也造成了挑战。

所有的这些变化，将导致中国更加强大、更加自信，这个中国将使世界瞩目，也使世界更加丰富。

这个中国就是各位一代所帮助创立的中国。现在是中国历史上一个非常令人振奋的时刻。此时此刻，就连最宏伟的梦想也似乎唾手可得。我的国度，对中国表示敬意和友谊。

再过六年，来自美国和世界各国的运动员，将到贵国参加奥林匹克运动会，我坚信，他们能够见到的中国将是正在变成一个大国的中国，一个走在世界前沿的国家，一个民心安定，与世界和平相处的中国。

I have a dream

我有一个梦想

引用:

by Martin Luther King, Jr.

    I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.

    Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This Momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.

    But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. So we have come here today to dramatize the shameful condition.

    In a sense we’ve come to our nation’s capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

    It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked “insufficient funds.”

    But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are “insufficient funds” in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. So we’ve come to cash this check-a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.

    I say to you today. my friends, so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American Dream. I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up. live out the true meaning of its creed: ”We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.”

    I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia. sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave-owners, will they be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream, that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.

    I have a dream, that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character, I have a dream today.

    I have a dream that one day down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, one day right down in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. I have a dream today.

    I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low; the rough places will be made plain; and the crooked places will be made straight; and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together. This is our hope.

    So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire. Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania. Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado. Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California. But not only that, let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia. Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee. Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi, from every mountainside. Let freedom ring and when this happens, when we allow freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, ”Free at last, free at last, thank God almighty, we are free at last.”

译文

引用:

   今天，我很高兴能够参加这次集会，这是我国有史以来为争取自由而举行的最伟大的示威集会。

    一百年前，一位美国伟人签署了《解放黑奴宣言》，现在我们就站在他纪念像投下的影子里。这项重要法令的颁布，就像雄伟的灯塔，给千百万在非正义的烈焰中煎熬的黑奴带来了希望，它犹如结束囚室中漫漫长夜的一束欢乐的曙光。

    然而，一百年后的今天，黑人依然没有获得自由。一百年后的今天，黑人依然悲惨地蹒跚于种族隔离和种族歧视的枷锁之下。一百年后的今天，黑人依然生活在物质富裕的汪洋大海中的贫困孤岛之上。一百年后的今天，黑人依然在美国社会的阴暗角落里艰难挣扎，在自己的国土上受到放逐。所以，我们今天到这里来，把这骇人听闻的事实公诸于众。

    从某种意义上说，我们来到我们的首都是为了兑现一张支票。我们共和国的缔造者在起草《宪法》和《独立宣言》时，就签署了一张每一个美国人都能继承的期票。这张期票保证所有人——不论黑人还是白人——都享有不可剥夺的生存权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。

    显然，就有色公民而言，美国并没有兑付这张期票。美国不但没有承担这项神圣的职责，反而开给黑人一张空头支票——一张盖着“资金不足”印戳被退回的支票。

    但我们不相信正义的银行已经破产，我们不相信这个国家巨大的机会宝库会发生资金不足的情况。因此，我们来要求兑现这张支票——一张见票即付，能为我们兑现自由财富和正义保障的支票。

    今天我要告诉你们我的朋友们：尽管我们面临当前和将来的许多困难挫折，我仍然怀有一个梦想。这是一个深深植根于美国梦中的梦想。我梦想有一天这个国家能够站立起来，实现其立国信条的真谛：“我们认为这些真理不言而喻：所有的人生而平等。”

    我梦想有一天，在佐治亚州的红色山冈上，昔日奴隶的儿子将能够和昔日奴隶主的儿子同席而坐，共叙兄弟情谊。我梦想有一天，甚至连密西西比州这样一个因充斥着不公和压迫而酷热难当的荒漠之洲，也将变成自由和正义的绿洲。
我梦想有一天，我的四个孩子将在一个不是以他们的肤色，而是以他们的品格优劣来评价他们的国度里生活。
今天我有一个梦想。我梦想有一天，尽管阿拉巴马州种族主义者猖獗，尽管该州州长现在仍然满口异议，拒绝执行联邦法令，但有朝一日，那里的黑人儿童将能与白人儿童情同骨肉，携手并进。

     我今天有一个梦想。我梦想有一天，深谷弥合，高山夷平，崎岖化坦途，曲径变通途，上帝的光辉显现，让所有人类一齐瞻仰。这就是我们的希望。

    那么，让自由之声响彻新罕布什州的巍巍山顶！让自由之声响彻纽约的崇山峻岭！让自由之声响彻宾夕法尼亚州的阿勒格尼雄峰！让自由之声响彻科罗拉多州冰雪覆盖的落基山脉！让自由之声响彻加利福尼亚州蜿蜒的群峰！不仅如此，还要让自由之声响彻佐治亚州的石岭！让自由之声响彻田纳西州的了望山！让自由之声响彻密西西比的每个丘陵，每座角落！当我们让自由之声响起来，当这一切发生，让自由之声响彻每一个大小村庄，每一个州和每一个城市，我们将能够加速那一天的到来。到那时，上帝的所有儿女，黑人和白人，犹太人和非犹人，耶稣教徒和天主教徒，都将携手同唱那首古老的黑人灵魂之歌：“终于自由啦！终于自由啦！感谢全能的上帝，我们终于自由啦！”

The Gettysburg Address by President Lincoln

葛登斯堡演说

引用:

Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated can long endure.

We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives that this nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead who struggled here have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract.
The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.

It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion--that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain, that this nation under God shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth.

译文：

引用:

       八十七年前，我们的前辈在这块土地上建立了一个基于拥有自由构想的，一个信奉人人平等的新的国家。现在我们正投身于一场巨大的内战中，为的是要检验这个国家，或任何有同样构想的国家，能否持久地存在。

　　我们今天在这内战的巨大战场上相聚，要拿出一部分土地，給那些为这个国家的长存而付出了生命的人，作为他們的安息之地。这是应该的。但从较大的意义上说，我们实在不能献出，不能奉献----这块土地，也不能把它作为圣地。那些曾经在这勇敢奋战的人，或生或死；而他们已做出的奉献，远远地超过我们所能增加或減少的微不足道的能力。

　　世界不会特別留意，也不会长久记住我们在这所说的一切，但永远不会忘记那些勇敢的人们在这所做过的一切。我们活着的人要做的，是继续他们尚未完成的工作，尽管他们已取得了辉煌的业绩。

　　我们今天在这，不为其它，而是要表达我们对他们所留下来的伟大事业做出自己的贡献----在值得人们尊敬的牺牲者身上，我们要增强自己的使命感，达到毫无保留的奉献的目的----我们站起来表決，这些牺牲者将不会白白地牺牲----这个国家，在上帝之下，将会有一个新生的自由----一个属于人民的政府，为人民而设的政府，将永远不会在地球上消失。

Order of the Day

反 攻 动 员 令

引用:

(Dwight D. Eisenhower)

Jun. 6, 1944

Soldiers, sailors, and airmen of the Allied Expeditionary Force, you are about to embark upon the great crusade towards which we have striven these many months. The eyes of the world are upon you, the hopes and prayers of liberty-loving people everywhere march with you.

In company with our brave allies and brothers in arms on other fronts, you will bring about the destruction of the German war machine, the elimination of Nazi tyranny over the oppressed people of Europe, and security for ourselves in a free world. Your task will not be an easy one. Your enemy is well-trained, well-equipped, and battle-hardened. He will fight savagely. But this is the year 1944, much has happened since the Nazi triumphs of 1940, 41. The united nations have inflicted upon the Germans great defeats in open battle, men to men. Our air offenses have seriously reduced their strength in the air and their capacity to wage war on the ground. Our home fronts have given us an overwhelming superiority in weapons and ammunitions of wan and placed at our disposal, great reserves of trained fighting men. The tide has turned. The free men of the world are marching together to victory. I have full confidence in your courage, devotion to duty and skill in battle. We will accept nothing less than full victory. Good luck and let us all beseech the blessing of Almighty God upon this great and noble undertaking.

译文

引用:

（德怀特•艾森豪威尔）

1944.6.6

各位联合远征军的海陆空战士们：

你们马上就要踏上征程去进行一场伟大的圣战，我们已经为此精心准备了数月。全世界的目光都注视着你们，各地热爱和平的人们的期望与祈祷与你们同行。

你们将与其他战线上的勇敢盟军兄弟一起并肩战斗，摧毁德国的战争机器，推翻压在欧洲人民身上的纳粹暴政，保卫我们在一个自由世界的安全。你们的任务非常艰巨，你们的敌人训练有素，装备精良，久经沙场，他们肯定会负隅顽抗。但是，现在是1944年，与纳粹1940、41年连连取胜时的情形已大不相同。联合国在正面战场予以德军迎头痛击，空军削弱了德军的空中力量和他们发动地面进攻的能力。我们的后方弹药充足、武器精良、部署得当、后备力量充裕。潮流已经逆转，全世界自由的人们正在一起向胜利迈进。我对你们的勇敢、责任心和作战能力充满了信心，我们迎接的只会是彻底的胜利。

祝你们好运，并让我们祈求万能的上帝祝福这伟大而崇高的事业获得成功。

Clinton';s Farewell Speech

克林顿告别演说

引用:

President Bill Clinton:

　My fellow citizens, tonight is my last opportunity to speak to you from the Oval Office as your president.

　I am profoundly grateful to you for twice giving me the honor to serve, to work for you and with you to prepare our nation for the 21st century. And I';m grateful to Vice President Gore, to my Cabinet secretaries, and to all those who have served with me for the last eight years.

This has been a time of dramatic transformation, and you have risen to every new challenge. You have made our social fabric stronger, our families healthier and safer, our people more prosperous.

　You, the American people, have made our passage into the global information age an era of great American renewal.

      In all the work I have done as president, every decision I have made, every executive action I have taken, every bill I have proposed and signed, I';ve tried to give all Americans the tools and conditions to build the future of our dreams, in a good society, with a strong economy, a cleaner environment, and a freer, safer, more prosperous world.

       I have steered my course by our enduring values, opportunity for all, responsibility from all, a community of all Americans. I have sought to give America a new kind of government, smaller, more modern, more effective, full of ideas and policies appropriate to this new time, always putting people first, always focusing on the future.

　　Working together, America has done well. Our economy is breaking records, with more than 22 million new jobs, the lowest unemployment in 30 years, the highest home ownership ever, the longest expansion in history.
Our families and communities are stronger. Thirty-five million Americans have used the family leave law. Eight million have moved off welfare. Crime is at a 25-year low. Over 10 million Americans receive more college aid, and more people than ever are going to college. Our schools are better - higher standards, greater accountability and larger investments have brought higher test scores, and higher graduation rates.

　　More than three million children have health insurance now, and more than 7 million Americans have been lifted out of poverty. Incomes are rising across the board. Our air and water are cleaner. Our food and drinking water are safer. And more of our precious land has been preserved, in the continental United States, than at any time in 100 years.

       America has been a force for peace and prosperity in every corner of the globe. I';m very grateful to be able to turn over the reins of leadership to a new president, with America in such a strong position to meet the challenges of the future.

       Tonight, I want to leave you with three thoughts about our future. First, America must maintain our record of fiscal responsibility. Through our last four budgets, we';ve turned record deficits to record surpluses, and we';ve been able to pay down $600 billion of our national debt, on track to be debt free by the end of the decade for the first time since 1835.

        Staying on that course will bring lower interest rates, greater prosperity and the opportunity to meet our big challenges. If we choose wisely, we can pay down the debt, deal with the retirement of the baby boomers, invest more in our future and provide tax relief.

        Second, because the world is more connected every day in every way, America';s security and prosperity require us to continue to lead in the world. At this remarkable moment in history, more people live in freedom that ever before. Our alliances are stronger than ever. People all around the world look to America to be a force for peace and prosperity, freedom and security. The global economy is giving more of our own people, and billions around the world, the chance to work and live and raise their families with dignity.

        But the forces of integration that have created these good opportunities also make us more subject to global forces of destruction, to terrorism, organized crime and narco -trafficking, the spread of deadly weapons and disease, the degradation of the global environment.

       The expansion of trade hasn';t fully closed the gap between those of us who live on the cutting edge of the global economy and the billions around the world who live on the knife';s edge of survival.
This global gap requires more than compassion. It requires action. Global poverty is a powder keg that could be ignited by our indifference.

        In his first inaugural address, Thomas Jefferson warned of entangling alliances. But in our times, America cannot and must not disentangle itself from the world. If we want the world to embody our shared values, then we must assume a shared responsibility.

        If the wars of the 20th century, especially the recent ones in Kosovo and Bosnia, have taught us anything, it is that we achieve our aims by defending our values and leading the forces of freedom and peace. We must embrace boldly and resolutely that duty to lead, to stand with our allies in word and deed, and to put a human face on the global economy so that expanded trade benefits all people in all nations, lifting lives and hopes all across the world.  

       Third, we must remember that America cannot lead in the world unless here at home we weave the threads of our coat of many colors into the fabric of one America. As we become ever more diverse, we must work harder to unite around our common values and our common humanity.

       We must work harder to overcome our differences. In our hearts and in our laws, we must treat all our people with fairness and dignity, regardless of their race, religion, gender or sexual orientation and regardless of when they arrived in our country, always moving toward the more perfect union of our founders'; dreams.
Hillary, Chelsea and I join all Americans in wishing our very best to the next president, George W. Bush, to his family and his administration in meeting these challenges and in leading freedom';s march in this new century.
As for me, I';ll leave the presidency more idealistic, more full of hope than the day I arrived and more confident than ever that America';s best days lie ahead.

       My days in this office are nearly through, but my days of service, I hope, are not. In the years ahead, I will never hold a position higher or a covenant more sacred than that of president of the United States. But there is no title I will wear more proudly than that of citizen.
Thank you. God bless you, and God bless America.

译文

引用:

　  同胞们，今晚是我作为你们的总统，在白宫总统办公室向你们做最后一次演说。

　　我深深地感谢你们给了我两次机会和荣誉，为你们服务和工作，并同你们一道为我们进入21世纪做准备。在此，我要感谢戈尔副总统，我的内阁部长们以及所有和我一同走过过去8年的同仁们。　
　
     这是一个极具变革的年代，你们为新的挑战做好了准备。是你们使我们的社会更强大，我们的家庭更健康和安全，我们的人民更富裕。

     同胞们，我们已迈进全球信息化的时代，这是美国复兴的伟大时代。

     作为总统，我所做的每一个决定，每一个行政命令，提议和签署的每一项法令，都在努力为美国人民提供工具和创造条件，去实现美国人民梦想的未来----一个美好的社会，繁荣的经济，清洁的环境，一个更自由、更安全、更繁荣的世界。
凭借着我们永恒的价值，我不断前进。机会属于所有的美国公民；责任源自全体美国人民；所有美国人民组成了一个大家庭。我一直在为寻求一个更小、更现代化、更有效率、面对新时代的挑战充满创意和思想、永远把人民的利益放在第一位、永远面向未来的新型的美国政府而努力。

　 我们一同工作，使美国变得更加美好。我们的经济正在打破一个又一个的记录。我们已创造了2200万个新的工作岗位，现在的失业率是30年来最低的，购房率达到一个空前的高度，经济增长的持续时间是历史上最长的。

　我们的家庭、我们的社会变得更加强大。3500万美国人曾经享受联邦休假，800万人获得社会保障，犯罪率是25年来最低的，1000多万美国人享受更多的大学贷款，更多的人接受大学教育。我们的学校也在改善。更高的办学水平、更大的责任感和更多的投资使得我们的学生取得更好的考试和毕业成绩。

　　目前，已有300多万美国儿童在享受着医疗保险，700多万美国人已经脱离了贫困线。人们的收入在大幅度提高。我国的空气和水源更洁净，食品和饮用水更安全。宝贵的土地资源得到了近百年来前所未有的保护。

　　美国已成为世界上每个地方促进和平和繁荣的积极力量。此时，我非常高兴地将领导权移交给新任总统，强大的美国正面临未来的挑战。

　　今晚，我希望能把三个关于我们的未来构想留给你们：第一，美国必须保持良好的财政状况。经过4个财政年度的努力，我们已经破纪录的把财政赤字变为盈余。并且，我们已偿还了6000亿美元的国债，正向着10年内彻底偿还国债的目标迈进，这是1835年以来的第一次。

     只有这样做，才能给我们带来更低的利率、更大的经济繁荣，才能迎接未来更大的挑战。如果我们做出明智的选择，我们就能偿还债务，解决生育高峰期出生的一大批人的退休问题，对未来进行更多的投资，并减轻税收。

　　第二，由于世界各国的联系日益紧密。为了美国的安全与繁荣，我们应继续融入世界。在这个特殊的历史时刻，更多的美国人民享有前所未有的自由。我们的盟国比过去更加强大。全世界人民期望美国成为和平与繁荣、自由与安全的力量。全球经济给予美国人民以及全世界人民更多的机会去工作、生活，更好地养活家庭。

　　但是，促进世界一体化，一方面为我们创造了良好的机会，同时也使我们在全球范围内更易遭致破坏性力量、恐怖主义、有组织的犯罪、贩毒活动，以及致命性武器和疾病传播的威胁。

　　尽管世界贸易不断扩大，但它没能缩小处于全球经济前沿的我们与数十亿处于生死边缘的人们之间的距离。

     要解决世界贫富两极分化需要的不是同情，而是实际行动。贫穷有可能被我们的漠不关心激化成为火药桶。

　　托马斯-杰斐逊在他的就职演说中告诫我们结盟的危害。但在我们这个时代，美国不能，也不可能使自己脱离整个世界。如果我们想把我们共享的价值观赋予这个世界，我们必须承担起这个责任。

　　如果20世纪的历次战争，尤其是最近在科索沃地区和波斯尼亚爆发的战争，能够让我们得到某种教训的话，我们从中得到的启示应是：由于捍卫了我们的价值观并领导了自由和和平的力量，我们才达到了目标。我们必须坚定勇敢地信奉这个信念和责任，在语言和行动上与我们的同盟者站在一起，领导他们按这条道路前进；在全球经济中遵循以人为本，让不断发展的贸易使所有国家的所有人受益，在全世界范围内提高人们的生活水平并实现他们的梦想。

　　第三，我们必须牢记如果我们不团结一致，美国就不能领先世界。随着我们变得多样化，我们必须更加努力地团结在共同价值观和共同人性的旗帜下。

　　我们必须努力工作，克服存在的种种分歧。于情于法，我们都要让我们的人民受到公正的待遇，不论他是哪一个民族、信仰哪种宗教、什么性别或性倾向，无论他们何时来到这个国家。我们都要时时刻刻为了实现先辈们建立的高度团结的梦想而奋斗。

　　希拉里、切尔西和我同所有美国人民一道，向即将上任的布什总统、他的家人及新政府致以衷心的祝福，希望新政府能够勇敢面对挑战，高举自由大旗在新世纪阔步前进。

　　对我来说，当我离开总统宝座时，我充满了更多的理想，比初进白宫时更加充满希望，并坚信美国的好日子还在后面。

      我的总统任期就要结束了，但是我希望我为美国人民服务的日子永远不会结束。在我未来的岁月里，我再也不会担任一个比美利坚合众国总统更高的职位、签订一个比美利坚合众国总统所能签署的更为神圣的条约。当然，没有任何一个头衔能让我比作为一个美国公民更为自豪的了。

　　谢谢你们！愿上帝保佑你们！愿上帝保佑美国！

Nobel Prize Speech

诺贝尔奖获奖感言

引用:

(William Faulkner)

Dec. 10, 1950

I feel that this award was not made to me as a man, but to my work, a life';s work in the agony and sweat of the human spirit. Not for glory and least of all, for profit, but to create out of the material of the human spirit something which did not exist before. So this award is only mine in trust. It would not be difficult to find a dedication for the money part of it, commensurate for the purpose and significance of its origin. But I would like to do the same with the acclaim too by using this moment as a pinnacle from which I might be listened to by the young men and woman, already dedicated to the same anguish and travail, among who is already that one who will someday stand here where I am standing.

Our tragedy today is a general and universal physical fear so long sustained by now that we can even bear it. There';re no longer problems of the spirit, there';s only the question; "When will I be blown up?" Because of this, the young man or woman writing today has forgotten the problems of the human heart in conflict with itself, which alone can make good writing because only that is worth writing about, worth the agony and the sweat.
He must learn them again, he must teach himself that the basest of all things is to be afraid, and teaching himself that, forget it forever leaving no room in his workshop for anything but the old verities and truths of the heart. The old universal truths, lacking which any story is ephemeral and doomed: love and honor and pity and pride, and compassion and sacrifice.

Until he does so, he labors under a curse. He writes not of love, but of lust, of defeats in which nobody loses anything of value, of victories without hope, and most of all, without pity or compassion. His grief weaves on no universal bone, leaving no scars. He writes not of the heart, but of the glands. Until he relearns these things, he will write as though he stood among and watched the end of mall. I decline to accept the end of man. It';s easy enough to say that man is immortal simply because he will endure, that from the last ding-dong of doom and clang had faded from the last worthless rock hanging tireless in the last red and dying evening, that even then, there will be one more sound, that of his puny and inexhaustible voice still talking. I refuse to accept this, I believe that man will not merely endure, he will prevail. He is immortal, not because he alone among creatures has an inexhaustible voice, but because he has a soul, a spirit capable of compassion, and sacrifice, and endurance. The poets, the writers'; duty is to write about these things, it';s his privilege to help man endure, by lifting his heart, by reminding him of the courage, and honor and hope and compassion and pity and sacrifice, which have been the glory of his past. The poets'; voice need not merely be the recall of man, it can be one of the props, the pillars to help him endure and prevail.

译文

引用:

（威廉•福克纲）

1950.12.10

我感到这份奖赏不是授予我个人的，而是授予我的工作的---授予我一生从事关于人类精神的呕心沥血的工作的。我从事这项工作，不是为名，更不是为利，而是为了从人的精神原料中创造出一些从前不曾有过的东西。因此，这份奖金只不过是托我保管而已。要做出与这份奖赏原本的目的和意义相符，又与其奖金等价的献词并不难，但我还是想利用这个时刻，利用这个举世瞩目的讲坛，向那些可能听到我说话并已献身于同一艰苦劳动的男女青年致敬。他们中肯定有人有一天也会站到我现在站着的地方。

我们今天的悲剧是人们普遍存在一种生理上的恐惧，这种恐惧存在已久，以致我们已经习惯了。现在不存在精神上的问题，唯一的问题是：“我什么时候会被炸得粉身碎骨？”正因如此，今天从事写作的男女青年已经忘记了人类内心的冲突。而这本身就能写好作品。因为这是唯一值得写、值得呕心沥血地去写的题材。

必须重新认识这些问题，必须使自己明白，世间最可鄙的事情莫过于恐惧，必须使自己永远忘却恐惧。在工作室里，除了心底古老的真理之外，任何东西都没有容身之地。没有这古老的普遍真理，任何小说都只能昙花一现，不会成功；这些真理就是爱、荣誉、怜悯、自尊、同情与牺牲等感情。若是做不到这样，将是白费气力。写出的爱情不是爱情而是情欲，写出的失败是没有人失去可贵的东西的失败，写出的胜利是没有希望、更糟的是没有怜悯或同情的胜利。写出的悲伤不是为了世上生灵，所以留下不深刻的痕迹。不是在写心灵而是在写器官。

在重新懂得这些之前，写作犹如站在处于世界末日的人类中去观察末日的来临。我不接受人类末日的说法，因人类能延续而说人是不朽的，这很容易。说即使最后一次钟声已经消失，消失的再也没有潮水冲刷的映在落日余晖里的海上最后一块无用礁石之旁时，还会有一个声音，人类微弱的、不断的说话声，这也很容易。但是我不能接受这种说法，我相信人类不仅能延续，而且能战胜一切而永存。人类不朽不是因为在万物中唯有他能永远发言、而是因为他有灵魂，有同情心、有牺牲和忍耐精神。诗人和作家的责任就是把这些写出来。诗人和作家的特权就是去鼓舞人的斗志、使人们记住过去曾经有过的光荣---人类曾有过的勇气、荣誉、希望、自尊、同情、怜悯与牺牲精神--以达到永恒。诗人的声音不应只是人类的记录，而应是使人类永存并获胜的支柱和栋梁。